NEIEP Magnetism and Electromagnetism Practice Test 2026 – Complete Exam Prep

In phasor form, each element has an impedance that combines a real part (resistance) and an imaginary part (reac­tance). For the basic components the standard forms are:

- Resistor: Z_R = R (purely real)

- Inductor: Z_L = j ω L (positive imaginary)

- Capacitor: Z_C = 1/(j ω C) = -j/(ω C) (negative imaginary)

The reactances, which are the magnitudes of the imaginary parts, are defined as X_L = ω L and X_C = 1/(ω C). The signs sit in the impedance expressions above, with the inductor contributing +jωL and the capacitor contributing -j/(ωC).

The option that matches these relationships is the one listing Z_R = R, Z_L = j ω L, Z_C = -j/(ω C) and X_L = ω L, X_C = 1/(ω C). The other options misstate either the imaginary signs or the X_L / X_C magnitudes.